The carbonara we know today is prepared by simply tossing spaghetti with guanciale (cured pork jowl), egg yolks, and Pecorino Romano cheese. Despite its simplicity, this dish remains one of Rome's favorites, equally popular throughout the country. Even though carbonara is considered a typical Roman dish today, its origins are quite vague and often disputed. The name is said to have been derived from the carbonari, woodcutters and charcoal-makers who lived in the Appenine mountains northeast of Rome, and who supposedly cooked their pasta over a hardwood charcoal fire and tossed it with eggs and cheese. Another popular theory claims that carbonara was invented after the liberation of Rome in 1944, when food shortages were so severe that Allied troops distributed bacon and powdered eggs, which the local population would then mix with water to make pasta sauce.
As with so many classic Italian dishes, the story of pasta alla gricia is one of unclear and often disputed origin. Pasta alla gricia is sometimes called amatriciana bianca (lit. white amatriciana), which reflects the common root of these two pasta dishes, though gricia is known to be older than the tomato-based amatriciana sauce. Moreover, gricia is said to have originated in Grisciano, a small hamlet not far from Amatrice, the birthplace of spaghetti all'amatriciana. These two mountain towns nestled in the Apennine peaks between the neighboring regions of Lazio and Abruzzo have long been known as home to semi-nomadic shepherds, who were often credited with inventing this simple sauce. While tending herds during their long months of transhumance, the shepherds used guanciale (cured pork jowl) and tangy pecorino cheese tossed with pasta to prepare quick and humble meals like cacio e unto (lit. cheese and lard), as gricia sauce was once called. Even today, the list of ingredients goes no further than guanciale, pecorino, and black pepper — more than enough to result in the divine flavor of pasta alla gricia, which is typically served with bucatini, spaghetti, or rigatoni.
Typically shared among groups and consumed by the slice, the Roman invention known as pizza alla pala is a long, oval-shaped flatbread made with a high-hydration, long-rising dough. It is baked in electric ovens, transferred to a wooden board called pala, then topped with various fresh ingredients. The pizza is characterized by a thick crust and a tender, fluffy interior, while the toppings can be anything from prosciutto and cherry tomatoes to various cheeses, olives, and spicy salami.
Żurek is a traditional soup characterized by its distinctively sour taste, which comes from sour leavening, or the fermentation of bread and rye flour. The soup also contains meats such as sausages, bacon, or ham, and vegetables such as potatoes and mushrooms. Although it is extremely popular throughout Poland, each region has its own version of the dish. It is sometimes served in an edible bowl made of bread, when it is common to add halves of hard-boiled eggs on top of the soup as garnish. Żurek is traditionally prepared and consumed during Easter. There is a popular version of the soup called barszcz bialy, made with wheat flour instead of rye flour. The name żur is derived from the German word sur, or sauer, meaning sour, referring to the typical flavor of this popular, hearty soup.
Butifarra is the essential Peruvian sandwich that originally consisted of a crusty white bread (pan frances, michetta or ciabbata) filled with jamón del país (garlic-infused peppery ham), salsa criolla, lettuce, and aji peppers. Over time, some ingredients were added, while others were removed. Jamón del pais is the key ingredient in this sandwich, made from boiled pork loin, garlic, oil, ají chili, and red peppers. It is believed that butifarra was first sold during bullfights in early Republican Lima. Today, the sandwich is a staple at birthday parties and it is often served as a part of a typical Peruvian breakfast. It can also be found in sangucherías – Peruvian sandwich shops.
Ovcharska salata is a simple variation of the famous Shopska salata. Essentially, it is Shopska salata (cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers, and cheese) with the addition of mushrooms, eggs, and ham. The salad is typically tossed with vegetable oil, left to rest for a few minutes, and it is then ready for consumption. It is especially popular in summer due to its refreshing flavors and the usage of seasonal vegetables.
Hailing from the Aosta Valley, crespelle alla Valdostana is an Italian specialty that consists of savory, stuffed crêpes smothered in gooey Fontina cheese and béchamel sauce. The batter for the crêpes is made with a combination of flour, milk, eggs, melted butter, salt, and pepper, while the filling typically includes diced or sliced Fontina cheese, cooked ham (such as gran biscotto ham), and (sometimes) mushrooms. Once fried to perfection, the crêpes are filled, then rolled or folded into a fan shape and placed snugly into a baking dish before being baked with additional cheese, béchamel sauce, and knobs of butter on top. This traditional dish can be served on its own or as an accompaniment to grilled meat, and it pairs well with wines such as Blanc de Morgex or Erbaluce di Caluso.
Ragù Napoletano is a traditional meat and tomato sauce originating from Naples. In the past, it was prepared by the portinai or doormen who sat while observing the comings and goings of tenants as well as the sounds of the barely simmering dish, hence its other name, ragù guardaporta. This ragù is cooked very slow and long over very low flames. Unlike the famous ragù alla Bolognese, the Neapolitan version doesn't start with a battuto (carrots, onions, celery), includes huge amounts of tomato sauce, and incorporates whole cuts of meat instead of ground or chopped meat. The sauce is usually started with an onion soffritto with the addition of a local aromatic herb called piperna for extra flavor and aroma. Regarding the types of meat, there are as many recipes as there are cooks, but most people use beef (especially a cut from the beef chuck called locena), pork (ribs and bone-in chops), or a combination of both. This ragù should never be simmering, but only forming a small bubble or a few of them on top, called peppiare in the Neapolitan dialect. Due to the lengthy preparation, it's recommended to prepare ragù Napoletano a day or two in advance, and as a bonus, the flavors will even become better, gaining more complexity and depth over time. The sauce is typically used with various types of pasta, while the rest of the meat is served as a secondo along cime di rapa or friarielli (also known as rapini).
Rich and smoky, this white bean soup with smoked meat is a staple in most Romanian households. It consists of boiled dry white beans enriched with chunks of smoked meat such as pork knuckles or ribs, ham, or bacon, as well as root vegetables. Typical vegetables include celery root, onions, parsley roots, carrots, and bell peppers. The soup is traditionally seasoned with either celery leaves and parsley, lovage, or tarragon. Warm and filling, the soup is perfect for the winter season. It is typically consumed with a salad of red onions, pickled chilis, and slices of fresh bread or thick polenta.
Crispy croquetas de jamón are small and unusual Spanish fritters, which consist of a crispy outer shell and a creamy interior. As the central ingredient, they employ a thick variety of buttery béchamel sauce, which is formed into small logs, coated in breadcrumbs and egg wash, and fried until golden and crunchy. Spanish croquetas are made with a variety of ingredients but the jamón version, which incorporates diced Spanish ham, is the most common and popular of them all. Fragrant and spicy ham is an ideal addition to the lush and mild taste of béchamel. Croquetas are not a decadent food item; they were developed as a poor man’s food, to make use of the cheap or the remaining ingredients. Today, they represent a favorite dish, popular and eaten everywhere in Spain. Whether they are served as a smaller tapas dish or a more substantial individual meal, they are always served fresh and hot, while the center is still hot and partially melted.
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